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What parts of a chromosome specify the amino acid sequence of a protein?
The gene within a chromosome contains the specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for the amino acid sequence of a protein. This gene is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then translated into a specific sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.
How do you write a sentence explaining the relationship between the words DNA genes and chromosome?
"A gene, or a segment of DNA located on a chromosome, can code for the production of a specific protein."
What carries the protein parts to the ribosome and the mRNA?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carry the protein parts (amino acids) to the ribosome. The messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules serve as the template for the sequence of amino acids to be assembled into a protein.
What does tRNA have that mRNA does not have?
tRNA has a specific anticodon sequence that complements the mRNA codons, enabling it to bring specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. mRNA does not have this complementary sequence to directly bind with amino acids.
What carries protein parts to ribodomes and mRNA?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries the protein parts (amino acids) to ribosomes where they are assembled into a protein based on the mRNA sequence. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that base pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing protein chain.
What are the two main parts of protein synthesis?
The two main parts of protein synthesis are transcription and translation. Transcription occurs in the nucleus where the DNA is used as a template to create mRNA, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm where mRNA is decoded to assemble a specific sequence of amino acids into a protein.
What are genes a part of?
There are three main parts of a gene. First, the promoter includes when and where the gene should be transcribed. Then, the coding sequence contains the instructions for making a protein. Last, the terminator indicates that the coding sequence is over.
How can mutation affect protein synthesis in cell?
Mutations can make the protein synthesise incorrectly making diseases or weak parts in your body. Mutations can affect protein synthesis in cells by affecting the protein, messing up the whole DNA sequence and making the organism different from other average organisms.
What is a list of the 3 parts of a chromosome?
Telomere - The ends of the chromosome. Centromere - The primary constriction of the chromosome. Chromatid - A single molecule of DNA. The centromere also divides the chromosome into a short arm (p) and a long arm (q).
What determines a protein's structure and a function?
A protein's structure is determined by its polarity. Sub-units have polar and non-polar parts. No-polar go in the inside and polar on the outside of the protein. They are attracted to each other and this is what causes the protein's complex patterns.
What is the point of a chromosome where two parts meet?
The Centromere
The structure that holds the 2 parts of the chromosome together?
Centromere.
