bandwidth refers to the amount of the frequency spectrum that a signal resides in.example, the spacing between channels on radio are determined by their bandwidth.
beamwidth is a physical characteristic of an antenna. they generally mark the point bore sight of a directional antenna that are at -3dB or half power
it determines the effective radiated power
an antenna with 0 gain. What you hear and transmit is what you get from your 2-way radio.
The product of bandwidth and gain is constant. If bandwidth increases then gain decreases and vice versa.
It depends upon the type of antenna. For example, a Yagi antenna's gain can be increased by adding elements. A parabolic antenna's gain can be increased by increasing the diameter of the antenna. All antennas can have their gain increased by lowering the loss of the feed line. By replacing regular coaxial cable with nitrogen pressurized coax, the overall gain at the receiving end can be increased. Gain can also be increased by inserting an amplifier between the antenna and the receiver. Another method of increasing gain is to reduce the VSWR, or voltage standing wave ratio.
increases by 6 dB
The size of an antenna depends upon the frequecny of the RF signal and the gain.
EIRP (Dbm)= Output Power(Dbm)-Losses(from cables & adapters)+Antenna Gain(Db)
The actual numbers are not as important as the knowledge that generally speaking, the larger the antenna the more gain it will have. Three other main factors are the Distance from the transmitting antennas are from your location and the Height of your antenna above the ground and what Obstructions there might be between the two antennas.
microstip patch array antenna is basically ,thecollection of antenna that give the double directive gain
Antennas provide so called passive gain, which means it comes from particular shape of the antennaThe gain of an antenna is a passive phenomenon - power is not added by the antenna, but simply redistributed to provide more radiated power in a certain direction than would be transmitted by an isotropic antenna. If an antenna has a gain greater than one in some directions, it must have a gain less than one in other directions, since energy is conserved by the antenna.SOURCE: wikipedia.com
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Antenna gain of base station for a specific user depends on antenna pattern, antenna orientation (azimuth and tilt) and user's coordinates with respect to base station.
A simplified explanation is that the antenna does for radio waves what a lens does for light because of physics.