This will cause the beam to bend. You need to see the beam like a stack of spaghetti. Extended spagghettis are in tension Shortened spaghettis are in compression (equals signs represent the beam, dots represent air) If it bends like this, it is tension on top, compression below ........=============....... ..===............................===.. =.........................................= If it bends like this, it is compression on top, tension bottom =.........................................= ..===............................===.. ........=============........
If you load it normal to the beam axis you get bending stresses ( tension and compression) and shear stresses. If you load it along the axis you get axial stress ( tension or compression)
When a simply supported beam is subject to bending; the top of the beam will be subject to compression, and the bottom of the beam will be subject to tension (think about the bottom of the beam stretching as it bends i.e. tension). Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension, so steel reinforcement is added to allow it to resist this tension and carry bending sufficiently. Note: bars are generally added to the compression side too but that's for another day.
A doubly reinforced beam is provided reinforcement in compression side also as to take care of extra load due to big section and to take care of tension in compression side ie compressive stresses so the section is safe.
A singly reinforced beam only has steel reinforcement on the tension side (along the bottom of the cross section) where as a doubly reinforced beam has steel reinforcement on both the tension and compression sides, ie. the top and bottom of the cross section.
A2. In a beam supported at both its ends the lower half of the beam will be under tension, and the upper half of the beam will be under compression.
This will cause the beam to bend. You need to see the beam like a stack of spaghetti. Extended spagghettis are in tension Shortened spaghettis are in compression (equals signs represent the beam, dots represent air) If it bends like this, it is tension on top, compression below ........=============....... ..===............................===.. =.........................................= If it bends like this, it is compression on top, tension bottom =.........................................= ..===............................===.. ........=============........
If you load it normal to the beam axis you get bending stresses ( tension and compression) and shear stresses. If you load it along the axis you get axial stress ( tension or compression)
When a simply supported beam is subject to bending; the top of the beam will be subject to compression, and the bottom of the beam will be subject to tension (think about the bottom of the beam stretching as it bends i.e. tension). Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension, so steel reinforcement is added to allow it to resist this tension and carry bending sufficiently. Note: bars are generally added to the compression side too but that's for another day.
singly reinforcement beam have steel provided only one side tension an another side compression. tension takes steel load or tensile load and compression takes concrete or compressive load.
When a simply supported beam is subject to bending; the top of the beam will be subject to compression, and the bottom of the beam will be subject to tension (think about the bottom of the beam stretching as it bends i.e. tension). Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension, so steel reinforcement is added to allow it to resist this tension and carry bending sufficiently. Note: bars are generally added to the compression side too but that's for another day.
Pre tensioned concrete best illustrates this concept. Tension in the rods becomes compression in the concrete once the cables are cut at the ends of the beam.
A doubly reinforced beam is provided reinforcement in compression side also as to take care of extra load due to big section and to take care of tension in compression side ie compressive stresses so the section is safe.
The neutral axis of a reinforced concrete beam is the area where the beam is neither in a state of tension or a state of compression. This is determined by having the length and breadth of the beam available.
A singly reinforced beam only has steel reinforcement on the tension side (along the bottom of the cross section) where as a doubly reinforced beam has steel reinforcement on both the tension and compression sides, ie. the top and bottom of the cross section.
tension streches it compression squeezes it
Arch bridge: the span beam of bridge is the shape of an arch & the load is diverted in compressive method. Beam bridge: the shape of beam span is of simply supported or continuous. here the load is diverted through bending compression method.