It is open to change as new evidence or data is discovered. Scientific knowledge may withstand the test of time if it is true, rather than convenient.
Scientific theories are well-substantiated explanations of natural phenomena based on a body of evidence and are subject to testing and refinement. They are not mere guesses but rather comprehensive frameworks that can predict outcomes and are supported by repeated experimentation. Importantly, scientific theories can evolve as new evidence emerges, differentiating them from laws, which describe observable phenomena without explaining why they occur. Overall, theories are foundational to scientific understanding and must withstand rigorous scrutiny.
able to withstand great force or pressure
The scientific method and the protocols of science were made by many scientists over time. Most of these "rules" came from the "fathers" of science.Now if you mean scientific laws, they are an innate part of nature, and scientists only discover those. It all starts with an educated guess (hypothesis). From there, you can form theories about how things work based on the evidence obtained by experimentation. If the theories withstand the test of time, then they are considered scientific law.
Scientific theories are well-substantiated explanations of natural phenomena, based on a body of evidence and observations. They are formulated through rigorous testing and can be modified or refined as new evidence emerges. Unlike hypotheses, which are tentative explanations, theories are widely accepted within the scientific community when they withstand extensive scrutiny and experimentation. Importantly, theories do not become "true" in an absolute sense; rather, they are supported by evidence and are the best available explanations at the time.
The critical evaluation of evidence by applying rigorous scientific methods such as systematic observation, experimentation, peer review, and replication helps to separate true science from false science. True science is based on evidence that has been thoroughly scrutinized and can withstand scrutiny by the scientific community, while false science often lacks evidence, relies on unsubstantiated claims, or fails to adhere to scientific principles.
Scientific theories often emerge from extensive observation, experimentation, and the formulation of hypotheses that withstand rigorous testing. Over time, as evidence accumulates and predictions are validated, these hypotheses may evolve into widely accepted theories. This process involves peer review, replication of results, and refinement of ideas, leading to a deeper understanding of natural phenomena. Ultimately, a scientific theory is a comprehensive explanation that unifies various observations and experimental results.
Scientific theories aren't considered absolute truths because they are based on current evidence and understanding, which can evolve over time. New discoveries or insights can lead to revisions or even replacements of existing theories. Additionally, scientific theories are inherently provisional and subject to testing and falsification, meaning they must withstand rigorous scrutiny and experimentation. Thus, they represent our best explanations based on available data rather than definitive truths.
it is open to change as new evidence or data is discovered
Scientists accept an idea as true when it is supported by a substantial body of evidence gathered through rigorous experimentation and observation. This evidence must withstand critical scrutiny, replicability, and peer review, ensuring that the findings are reliable and not based on chance or bias. Additionally, the idea should be able to make accurate predictions and be consistent with existing scientific knowledge. Ultimately, scientific acceptance is a dynamic process, subject to change as new evidence emerges.
hard evidence will withstand hard physical trial to disprove it or short: reliability under trial
Scientific Theory is tested by observations and experiments predicted by the theory. If the observations confirm the theory the theory is validated if not the theory is not validated. Experiments themselves need validation, often there are errors in the experiments or observations, e.g Michaelson and Morley Aether experiment and red shift observations.