The term "Levant" is used to reference the region of Syria or the Eastern Mediterranean. One would be able to find more information regarding the Levant on sites such as Wikipedia.
"Tornado Alley" is the term commonly used to reference the area in the United States where tornadoes are most frequent. It includes parts of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska.
The term point and shoot is usually in reference to a type of electronic called the camera. The camera is a machine that is aimed at an area and captures it as a photograph.
from my own experience the term is used in and around London area in reference to the local paper.
a prism
Nephew.
The term angle of deviation is used in reference to a prism.
"Havanas" is a term used in reference to Cuban cigars.
The term HALO is used in aviation to make reference to the High Altitude Long Operation.
burning or oxydation
An alternative term for reference point is landmark. Landmarks are physical or geographical features used as points of reference for navigation or orientation.
The term "hot hands" can be used to describe a person who is on a winning streak or a lucky spell, often used in reference to gambling. The phrase can also be used in basketball in order to reference the player's skill at scoring points.
The term 'attell' can be used in many different ways. The most likely used reference of the term would be in relation to the American boxer Abe Attell.