At first it was Baghdad, but later I believe the capital was moved to Damascus.
Yes. During the Caliphate of Umayyad. It was the capital of AN Arab Empire, not THE Arab Empire. By the time that the Umayyads established their rule in Spain, they lost control of the Middle East and North Africa to the Abbassids.
Muʿāwiyya
From 623 CE until 656 CE, the capital of the Arab Empire (Mohammed's Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate) was in Medina, Saudi Arabia. In 656 CE, Caliph 'Ali moved it to Kufa, Iraq. The Umayyad Caliphate, which ruled from 661 until 750 shifted the capital to Damascus, Syria. They were overthrown by the Abbasids in 750 when they revolted in the east. The capital was then moved to Baghdad in 762. However, in 750, the Arab Empire broke apart. Córdoba, Spain was the capital of the new Umayyad Caliphate in Spain and Fez, Morocco was the capital of the Idrissid Caliphate.
I believe it was Baghdad. :)
The Ottoman Empire
The Umayyad Dynasty was founded when the Arab capital was moved.
Abu Dhabi is City and is Capital of the United Arab Emirates.
Abu Dhabi is the capital city of the United Arab Emirates.
Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine/Eastern Empire. It wasn't the capital of the whole empire, but it was a major city for sure.
the capital of the Byzantine Empire was Constantinople.
Damascus was the capital of Umayyad empire.