Great Debate :)
You could be referring to Missouri in 1819/20 or California in 1850.
He feared that the debate over Texas's admission to the U.S. would ignite a controversy about slavery.
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No, it was California.
1850. The admission of California was the biggest issue in the Compromise of 1850.
Admitting California into the Union in 1850 gave raise over the debate over slavery. It was against Federal law of the confederacy to harbor slaves in free states.
California became a free state in 1850, ending the balance of free states and slave states. However, the slave states got a tougher fugitive slave law as a result of California's admission to the Union as a free state.
It was all about how to avoid having an argument each time a new state needed to be admitted to the Union. In both cases, a compromise was worked-out. The Missouri Compromise lasted thirty years. The Compromise of 1850 soon collapsed.