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What is the efficiency of glycolysis?
2%
What persent of glucose energy is used by cell in the form of ATP during a single aerobic glycolysis and why?
During aerobic glycolysis, approximately 36-38% of the energy from glucose is converted into ATP. This is because glycolysis itself produces only a net gain of 2 ATP molecules directly, while the subsequent processes of the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation extract additional ATP from the pyruvate generated in glycolysis. The efficiency is influenced by the energy lost as heat and the steps involved in the electron transport chain, which ultimately harnesses the majority of glucose's energy.
What is the comparison about the reactions in mitochondria with glycolysis?
Mitochondrial reactions, primarily occurring in the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, are aerobic processes that produce significantly more ATP compared to glycolysis, which is an anaerobic process occurring in the cytoplasm. While glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate, yielding a net gain of 2 ATP molecules, mitochondrial reactions further oxidize pyruvate into carbon dioxide and water, generating approximately 30-32 ATP per glucose molecule. Additionally, glycolysis does not require oxygen, whereas mitochondrial reactions do, making them essential for energy production in aerobic organisms. Overall, the efficiency and ATP yield of mitochondrial reactions far exceed that of glycolysis.
Calculate the efficiency of glycolyisis if the number of ATP molecules produced during glycolysis were 5 times greater?
The efficiency of glycolysis would remain the same regardless of the number of ATP molecules produced because efficiency is calculated based on the ratio of ATP molecules produced to glucose molecules consumed. Increasing the number of ATP molecules produced would not affect this ratio, therefore the efficiency would stay constant.
Calculate the efficiency of glycolysis if 12 kcal of energy are required to transfer energy from glucose to ATP?
To calculate the efficiency of glycolysis, first determine the total energy input from the glucose molecule that is available for ATP production. Next, determine the actual energy produced in ATP molecules. Finally, divide the energy produced by the total input energy and multiply by 100 to get the efficiency as a percentage.
How much time does glycolysis take?
The efficiency of glycolysis is not very good. For every molecule of ATP used, only TWO molecules of ATP are produced.
What is the ATP yield for aerobic respiration anerobic respiration and glycolysis?
Glycolysis: 2 ATP per molecule of glucose Total ATP yield of aerobic respiration (including glycolysis): 36 ATP per molecule of glucose (theoretical, less in reality due to leaking of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane)
How many hydrogen's are released when glucose splits during glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the process where one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, four molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are produced, but no hydrogen atoms are released as such.
How many ATP are produced for glycolysis and in glycolysis?
It takes 3 carbon compounds produced for glycolysis and in glycolysis.
What one of these stages occurs in the cytosol of the cell?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. It is the metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP.
Substrate level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of ATP formed during glycolysis?
100%. Substrate level phosphorylation accounts for about 10% of ATP generated by respiration. The other 90% is generated by oxidative phosphorylation.
How might the efficiency of glycolysis change if the process occurred in only one step?
If glycolysis occurred in only one step, it would be less efficient because the multiple steps of glycolysis allow for regulation and control of energy release at different points. The step-by-step breakdown of glucose allows the cell to extract energy more effectively and efficiently. Furthermore, the multi-step process enables the cell to produce a greater amount of ATP molecules.
