synchronous rotation
None. Perhaps you mean "astronomical". To clarify, astronomy is the scientific study of the Universe; while astrology - which sounds quite similar! - is related to horoscopes and related superstitions.
Astronomical observations.
One highly recommended book on black holes that offers a thorough and captivating exploration of this intriguing astronomical phenomenon is "Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy" by Kip S. Thorne.
It can either be a quantity related to astronomy, or it may be a case of the informal use of "astronomical" meaning "very large".
Astronomical archaeology is a related field that focuses on studying ancient structures for their astronomical relevance, often used interchangeably with archaeoastronomy.
Yes, it is an optical phenomenon related to interference and reflection.
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The astronomical event that corresponds to the passage of one month is the cycle of the Moon completing one orbit around Earth, which takes approximately 29.5 days. This cycle results in the phases of the Moon changing from new moon to full moon and back again over the course of a month.
You can look in the newspapers, some papers have a monthly column on astronomical events. Or you can look in an almanac such as Whitaker's Almanac. These tell you where the different planets are from month to month.
Tilt of the Earth's Axis.
The astronomical phenomenon, aurora borealis as they appear in motion, move very slowly, like watching a gentle breeze blow on a curtain.
28 days