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Positive. Since the Oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity (it is more likely to draw in electrons) than the Hydrogen atoms, the electrons that are shared in the two oxygen/hydrogen bonds will move closer to the Oxygen atom. This will give the Oxygen atom a slightly positive charge and the 2 Hydrogen atoms a slighty negative charge. Because of this, a water molecule is considered polar.

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Q: The structure of water causes hydrogen to have a positive or negative charge?
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What causes the water molecule to have a negative charge?

The water molecule does not have a negative charge. The oxygen end of the molecule has a partial negative charge and the hydrogen end has a partial positive charge. This is because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, and tends to hold the shared electrons more tightly than the hydrogen atoms.


What causes water to display such strong hydrogen bonding?

When you put hydrogen and oxygen together, the electrons spend most of their time on oxygen since it is more electronegative than hydrogen. This causes there to be a "partial charge" on both hydrogen and oxygen. Since oxygen has the electrons spending more time on it, it is more negative than hydrogen. So in H2O, the hydrogens are slightly more positive than the oxygens. When water molecules come near each other, the slightly positive hydrogens are then attracted to the slightly negative oxygens, and you end up having hydrogen bonding.


Why is hydrogen positive ion?

The H+ ion has a positive charge because it has lost one electron. Since hydrogen has only one electron in its base state, H+ has no electrons. The positive charge of the ion occurs because the hydrogen atom has lost an electron. Electrons are negatively charged particles; therefore, losing an electron causes the hydrogen atom to become more positive (less negative) than before.


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When the atom hydrogen bonds directly to a small atom with a high electronegativity such as nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine. The Hydrogen atom then has a slightly positive charge and the other atom a slightly negative charge. This causes forces of attraction between molecules which is known as hydrogen bonding.


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