Concillum Plebus
Concillum Plebus
The patricians (aristocrats) and plebeians(Commoners) had the same rights. Every Roman was equal before Roman law and all Roman citizens had the seem rights. In the Early Republic the patricians monopolised political power. The rich plebeians fought to obtain power-sharing and succeed in the conflict of the orders of the Early Republic.
Ihn the Early and Mid Republic there was the plebeian movement which was spearheaded by the poor plebeians and which fought for the grievances of the poor. The rich plebeians who led this movement used the movement to successfully obtain power-sharing with the patrician aristocracy which originally monopolised political power. The plebeians were the commoners, both rich and poor. In the late Roman Republic there were two opposing political factions, the optimates who were conservative and fought for the interests of the aristocracy, and the populares who championed the cause of the poor. During the rule by emperors there were not any political groups as such because the emperor was an absolute ruler. However, there were temporary factions who supported different powerful men or military commanders. Some of them conspired against emperors.
In the early Republic the patrician aristocracy monopolised political power. All the senators and consuls (the two annually elected heads of the city and the army) were patricians. They excluded other elites from power. The plebeians were all the non-patricians, the commoners, both rich and poor. The poor plebeians rebelled several times and formed a plebeian movement to fight for the economic grievances of the poor. Rich plebeians became leaders of the movement and used it to press for access to the senate and the consulship (the consuls were the two annually elected officers of state who were the heads of the Republic) and for power-sharing with the patricians. They obtained this as well as access the other offices of state which were created as the Republic developed during the 200-year long Conflict of the Orders between patricians and plebeians. They used the agitations of the plebeian movement to obtain this. They were incorporated into a patrician-plebeian oligarchy and were given equite (cavalry) status. This was the lower tier of the aristocracy. At this point the rich plebeians turned their backs on the poor and their economic grievances were not addressed properly.
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At the beginning of the Roman Republic the patricians monopolised political power by monopolising the consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic), the senate and the priesthoods.
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If you are referring to the plebeian secessions, these were not strikes. Strikes did not exist back then. The plebeian secessions were what the name says, a breakaway. The point of leaving Rome in the first plebeian secession (494 BC) was not to stop production in the city. It was an act of defiance towards the Roman state and the beginning of the creation of a breakaway plebeian state, a state within the state. This was because the (poor) plebeians lost their faith in the Roman state. It started with protests in the city,. The issue was the abuse of (poor) defaulting debtors who were imprisoned, tortured or even sold as slaves by the (rich) creditors. The plebeians asked the consuls to create protections for the defaulting debtors, but nothing was done, even though the plebeians tried to disrupt the levy as a bargaining tool. To force the hand of the consuls they left the city (seceded) went to a hill, refused to join the army, and threatened to establish a new community there unless their demands were met. They created leaders for their movement, the plebeian tribunes, and their own assembly, the plebeian council. Their key bargaining tool was to refuse to join the army, not stopping production. This was a serious matter because Rome was often attacked by the neighbouring peoples. The plebeians returned to Rome after negotiations. They did not obtain legislation which would protect the defaulting debtors, but won recognition for their leaders and their assembly. The plebeian tribunes acted to protect the interests of the plebeians and the plebeians used their council to make their own decisions regarding matters that concerned them. Even though the plebeians returned to Rome, the breakaway continued. The plebeians created a state within the state. They settled on the Aventine hill, which they used as their own self-run territory where they made their own decisions independently from the Roman state (the consuls and the senate). Roman unity was lost and the plebeians continued to air their grievances through direct action in defiance of the Roman state, which they felt, would do nothing to help them. The plebeians also continued with their threats to refuse to join the army.
To have political rights in Virginia you would have to be male, own land, and be over 17
It is a political party of Nepal that works for the citizens of Madesi to obtain rights.
Total of 342 members who are referred to as Member of National Assembly (MNAs), of which 272 are directly elected members and 60 reserved seats for women and 10 for religious minorities. A political party must secure 172 seats to obtain and preserve a majority.
They are appointed by the President