A wheelchair.
In most countries, yes that is the way it happens. However, if you hold a full driving licence for one type of vehicle, in most countries this full licence may be used and will act as the provisional driving licence for a new type of vehicle you are learning to drive.
a learners licence is needed if you drive alone, you are only allowed to carry a passenger when you have a full motorbike licence
The motorized vehicle used when participating in power sports depends on the power sport one is participating in. The type of vehicle can range from a motorcycle, to a muscle car, and even to a jet ski.
you don't really need any licence but it would be better if you had some type of ATV licence
In the UK is is permitted to own a vehicle (Have it in your name) without a valid licence for that type of vehicle. I suspect this will be true for most (but not all) countries. One reason for this is to allow a person with severe Physical disabilities to purchase a vehicle (That they will never be able to actually drive or get a licence for) so that those who care for them can drive them to where ever they wish to go to. Think "Ironside" the TV program, who had a camper van, but never drove it. there will of course be other restrictions on ownership- in certain countries/cities you can not own a vehicle unless YOU HAVE A PLACE TO PARK IT OFF THE ROAD (Tokyo)
If you are a learner driver and have a legal provisional licence then yes(Edited clarification for European drivers based on discussion added)You can drive any type of vehicle listed on your full and valid licence if you have passed your driving test in a European member country:
Depends on the GVWR of the tow truck.
Minimum age in the UK for car driving is 17 years of age the exception being a registered disabled person can apply for a car licence & drive at 16 years of age the vehicle type I:E saloon or convertible does not matter
Yes.
What type of Class C licence, exactly? A basic drivers licence in California is known as a Non-Commercial licence, or Class C licence. HOWEVER, there is a Class C Commercial Drivers Licence, intended for vehicles under 26,000 lbs. GVWR which are placarded to haul hazardous materials, designed to transport more than 15 persons (including the driver), etc. If it requires the non-commercial licence, there's no requirement to possess a medical card. If it requires the Class C Commercial Drivers Licence, then, under federal law, you must always have a valid DOT medical card in your possession at all times when operating that vehicle.
driveshafts are all differen't lengths depending on the type of rear drive vehicle you have and the type of tranny that is in it.
At a minimum, a Class C Commercial Drivers Licence with Passenger endorsement and no air brake restriction (if the vehicle is equipped with air brakes). If the vehicle has a GVWR of over 26,000 lbs (which is a bit unlikely with an 18 passenger vehicle), then a Class B CDL would be required, again with the Passenger endorsement and without a restriction on air brakes, if the vehicle were so equipped.