Period 1 (Elements 1 and 2)
1s1 - 1s2
Period 2 (Elements 3 - 10)
2s1 - 2s22p6
Period 3 (Elements 11 - 18)
3s1 - 3s23p6
Period 4 (Elements 19 and 20)
4s1 - 4s2
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Certain elements combine with other atoms, donating, accepting or sharing electrons in different proportions depending on the nature of the reaction. For example, iron combines with oxygen to form ferrous oxide as well as ferric oxide. In the formation of ferrous oxide, iron exhibits a valency of +2, whereas in ferric oxide, it has a valency of +3. This is termed variable valency
The compound can have different valencies depending on the elements involved. Valency affects how the compound reacts with other substances. Higher valencies can lead to stronger chemical bonds and different reactivity.
The valency of first four main group elements is equal to their group numbers but elements from Group 5 to 8 have two valencies one equal to group number and second is obtained by subtracting group number from 8.
Vanadium has the following valencies: 2, 3, 4 and 5.
HydrogenHeliumLithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeonSodiumMagnesiumAluminumSiliconPhosphorousSulphurChlorineArgonPotassiumCalciumHope this helped :)
The valency of an element refers to the combining power of a given element. The valencies of all the elements is contained in the table of valencies. The valencies of the elements can be obtained by looking at the groups in the periodic table.
The d-block elements have similar periodic properties to main group elements but exhibit greater variability due to the presence of partially filled d-orbitals. Additionally, d-block elements have higher atomic and ionic sizes, higher ionization energies, and form colored compounds compared to main group elements. The d-block elements also show a wider range of oxidation states and complex formation due to their partially filled d-orbitals.
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You need to learn the symbols for the elements I am afraid. Start using a Periodic table (see the links below).You could also learn the valencies but if you know the periodic table and understand why elements appear where they do, you can work out the likely valencies from the positions of the elements in the table - they are where they are for a reason!You must ask your chemistry teacher to explain this reasoning to you - it should form part of your lessons.This will helpGroup number 1 = Valency 1group number 2 = valency 2group number 3 = valency 3group number 4 = valency 4group number 5 = valency 3group number 6 = valency 2group number 7 = valency 1group number 8 = valency 0 (noble gases, nonreactive)
Phosphorus, which is the 15th element, has the most unpaired electrons among the first 20 elements. It has three unpaired electrons in its outer shell.