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The most reliable evidence we have is found in Saint Paul's epistles, where he describes Peter as one of the three leaders ("pillars") of the Jerusalem church. There is no suggestion that he was the first or even most senior of the three.

There is a tradition that Peter travelled to Rome and led the Church there, appointing Linus to succeed him as bishop of Rome. This would at least have made Peter an early pastor (but not the first) at Rome, however there is no evidence that Peter ever went to Rome. The author of 1 Clement, writing from Rome around the end of the first century, appears to have been unaware that Peter ever went to Rome. Even the story of Linus succeeding Peter as bishop of Rome appears to be a legend. Francis A. Sullivan SJ (From Apostles to Bishops) says that there is a general agreement among scholars that the church of Rome was led by a council of presbyters until well into the second century, with no evidence of a ruling bishop.

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Was Peter or Paul the bishop of the Christian Church?

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Q: Was Peter the first pastor of the Christian church?
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The founder of the first Christian Church would be Jesus and Peter in normally considered to be the first Pope.


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