Spain.
Spain or France
The Philippines.
Oviedo was never the capital of the entire country of Spain. It was once the capital of the Kingdom of Asturias.
Puerto Rico was once a part of Spain.
Spain
Spain is often referred to as the "mother" of Colombia, as Colombia was once a colony of Spain. Colombia gained its independence from Spain in 1810.
The Mediterranean country of Spain
Spain was once home to the Romans. The Romans conquered the Iberian Peninsula, where Spain is located, around 218 BC and established it as part of the Roman Empire. The influence of the Romans can still be seen in Spain today, particularly in architecture and infrastructure.
The country that is an anagram for "pains" is Spain. An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, using all the original letters exactly once. In this case, by rearranging the letters in "pains," we can form the name of the European country, Spain.
Zambia was once ruled by Great Britain.
If you are asking about Francisco Franco the answer is never. Once he returned to Spain to begin the Spanish Civil War he never again left the country.