Yes
The James Webb Space Telescope can see deeper into the Universe than its predecessor Hubble, opening up a new era of cosmology. Scientists at NASA, ESA and CSA have shared the first batch of full-color images produced by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) – and they were worth the wait. https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/faqs/faq.html https://twitter.com/NASAWebb
First, they have a major advantage, and that is that they have a much clearer image, due to the lack of atmosphere.The disadvantages are mainly related to the high cost of putting the telescope up into space, and maintaining it (you can't just walk over to repair something). For this reason, other alternatives are also used, or considered, such as telescopes on Earth that compensate the atmosphere with a larger size, or advanced adaptive optics, or even telescopes carried on airplanes at a high altitude!
Yes
"the scientific telescope" is not specific enough for us to be able to answer this question.
50-500 usd
The size of a telescope depends on many factors, but mainly, on its size. For example, a telescope with a diameter (of the main lens or mirror) of 100 mm will cost much less than one with a diameter of 500 mm.
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The first telescope was invented by Hans Lippershey, a Dutch eyeglass maker, in 1608. However, it's worth noting that Galileo Galilei was the first to use a telescope for astronomy observations.
Among the popular, consumer-oriented cameras, Pentax 645 has a 43.8mm x 32.8mm sensor. That's 54.72mm diagonally. This is larger than the so-called 'full frame' sensors. Specialized cameras may have larger sensors. The 'detector' in the 'Fine Guidance Sensor' of the James Webb Space Telescope (to be launched 2016-2018) is about the physical size of the Pentax 645 sensor. At the space telescope level, though, there are many other factors that make a camera worth its $8 billion price tag.
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The address of the Fort Worth Air And Space Museum Foundation is: Po Box 122388, Fort Worth, TX 76121-2388
Yes.