Yes.
The US didn't think the USSr har the technology to do that.
Sputnik did not launch from the moon, and it did not land on the moon.
why was the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957 so significant?
That America had a comfortable technological advantage over Russia/USSR.
Nyet.
Sputnik was the first successful launch.
The space race
As far as we know, it didn't. But if you can launch something harmless into orbit, you can also launch something dangerous into orbit, which was a big part of the fear caused by the Sputnik launch.
It was caused by the cold war in the 1950s as the soviets wanted to launch the sputnik.
The launch of the space sattelite "Sputnik" in 1959.
Sputnik came as a surprise, the US did not know about it in advance.
October 4, 1957 was the exact date of the Sputnik launch.
Sputnik 1 is long gone. It burnt up on re-entry a few months after launch.