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A:Just as the Axial Age had seen the rise of several new religions and philosophies, some centuries earlier, so the period in which Christianity arose was a time of new religious thought, if not as momentous as the Axial Age.

Mithraism arose during the first century BCE and for a time was a serious competitor to Christianity. Mithraism's great weakness was that it ignored women, whereas Christianity sought their support, knowing the influence they would have on their husbands and children. New pagan cults arose, as Greek worshippers became influenced by the ancient Egyptian gods.

This was also a time when 'mystery religions' flourished. The important place that Gnosticism occupied in early Christianity has led some to speculate that Christianity actually began as a mystery religion, long before it adopted the gospel story of Jesus.

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Was the spread of Christianity unique or a part of a wider trend?

A:The spread of Christianity was part of a wider trend. It occurred at a time when the people of the Roman Empire were beginning to look for new faiths, just as the mystery religions were arising and when Mithraism evolved in the Roman Empire. Some have even suggested that Christianity could have begun as a mystery cult, evolving into the worship of Jesus of Nazareth. The strongest competitor to Christianity to have developed at this time was Mithraism. However, the great weakness of Mithraism was that it effectively excluded women, whereas early Christianity made efforts to convert wives, daughters and mistresses, knowing that the menfolk would follow. In any case, the fourth-century Christian emperors eliminated all faiths other than Christianity, by force when necessary.


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