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Friction
The energy usage per kilogram varies depending on the specific energy source or process in question. For example, the energy required to produce a kilogram of steel is different from the energy used to produce a kilogram of rice. It is important to consider the specific context or application when calculating energy usage per kilogram.
starch is made through the process of photosynthesis
Trees produce energy through a process called photosynthesis, where they use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose. This glucose is then used for energy and growth within the tree.
The process in which oxygen is used to produce energy is called cellular respiration. It involves breaking down glucose into ATP molecules, which are the cell's main source of energy. Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in this process.
Anaerobic respiration is an energy process that occurs in mostly one-celled bacteria called prokaryotes. They have no nucleus nor mitochondria and don't require oxygen to live.
Nuclear plants use a process called nuclear fission to produce energy. This involves splitting atoms of radioactive material, usually uranium, which releases a large amount of heat energy. The heat is then used to produce steam, which drives turbines to generate electricity.
A simple answer is that fossil fuels are burnt. The heat is used to produce steam which drives mechanical turbines and dynamos, which then produce electricity.
Carbohydrates can be used to produce energy in the absence of oxygen through a process called anaerobic glycolysis, producing a limited amount of energy in the form of ATP without the need for oxygen.
Wood can be burned to produce energy in the form of heat. When wood is burned, it releases heat energy due to the combustion process. This heat energy can be used for cooking, heating, or generating electricity in biomass power plants.
Nuclear energy as applied to power plants uses uranium, which can be made to produce a chain reaction in which atoms of uranium are constantly splitting and releasing energy in the form of heat. The heat is then used to produce electricity through a steam turbine/generator.
Plants produce energy through photosynthesis, a process where they use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar). This glucose is then stored and used by the plant as a source of energy for growth and metabolism.