ionic and molecular
Primary reinforcers are innate, such as food and water, while secondary reinforcers are learned through association with primary reinforcers, such as money or praise. The primary reinforcers satisfy basic biological needs, while secondary reinforcers acquire value through conditioning and are often used in operant conditioning paradigms.
Primary reinforcers satify biological needs which is crucial for survival. These can include food, water, shelter, safety.... Secondary reinforcers however are reinforcers which we have learnt to associate with satifying our biological needs. These can include money, praise, tokens.... Money can be used to buy food + water (we have learnt this through association! love zin xox
My College level Health Textbook gives two examples of manipulative reinforcers: Manipulative reinforcers are incentives such as getting a lower rent in exchange for mowing the lawn or the promise of a better grade for doing an extra-credit project.
Non-contingent reinforcement refers to reinforcers that are presented freely with no required responses. Basically whether or not the responses occur, reinforcers will be delivered; opposed to contingent reinforcement where reinforcers are only given once the desired response has occurred.
Delayed reinforcers and immediate reinforcers both serve to strengthen behaviors by providing a consequence that follows the behavior. However, they differ significantly in timing; immediate reinforcers occur right after the behavior, while delayed reinforcers are provided after a significant time has passed. This difference can affect the effectiveness of the reinforcement, as immediate reinforcers tend to create a stronger association with the behavior. Nonetheless, both types can be effective in promoting learning and behavior change, depending on the context.
Secondary reinforcers are reinforcers that through classical conditioning or other such circumstance yield the same benefit to the individual as primary reinforcers. the benefit is that since the secondary reinforcer doesn't actually satisfy an innate drive or urge they tend to be cheaper and easier to administer than most primary reinforcers. For instance, in clicker training the sound of a click has been paired with praise or a treat, a click is a lot cheaper and a lot less time consuming to administer than praising or feeding an individual.
The combined use of primary and secondary reinforcers.
The relationship between a primary reinforcer and a secondary reinforcer is usually the result of classical conditioning and learned associations. Primary reinforcers are inherently valuable and satisfy basic needs (like food or water), while secondary reinforcers acquire their value through association with primary reinforcers (like money or praise). Over time, individuals learn to respond to secondary reinforcers because they predict the availability of primary reinforcers, thus reinforcing desired behaviors. This process highlights the importance of experience and learning in shaping behavior.
two categories of diseases
RAM LTM these are the two categories
Yes, shelter can be considered a secondary reinforcer. While primary reinforcers satisfy basic biological needs, such as food and water, secondary reinforcers acquire their value through association with primary reinforcers. Shelter provides safety and comfort, which can help individuals survive and thrive, making it a valuable resource that reinforces certain behaviors.
There are two categories of experiments: laboratory and field.