the presence of predators
Natural selection is what causes adaptation.
Adaptation does not allow for natural selection: natural selection causes adaptation.
The characteristic within the population that causes natural selection to occur is that individuals within a given population are not all identical because they vary. The other characteristic that causes natural selection to occur is that some variants are better than the others.
There are really no steps in natural selection - just conditions required for it to occur.
What population? Perhaps you mean if there were no variation for natural selection to select from.
Without genetic diversity, natural selection cannot occur
Variation in traits within a population is what causes natural selection to occur. When individuals in a population exhibit different traits, those that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those advantageous traits to the next generation. This process leads to the gradual change of a population over time.
No, it's exactly the other way around: natural selection causes adaptation.
Natural selection
Overproduction
no there is no genetic variation for natural selection to act upon
Natural selection