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Types of otoscope

otoscope can be divided into two kinds of direct otoscope and indirect otoscope.

Direct ophthalmoscopy

Direct ophthalmoscopy can directly examine the fundus, without dilating the pupil, in a dark room for examination, the examiner's eye must be close to the patient's eye, with the right eye to examine the patient's right eye, the right hand holding the ophthalmoscope, sitting or standing on the right side of the patient, the left eye is the other way around, the doctor's other hand to open the patient's eyelid, first placed the ophthalmoscope in front of the patient about 20cm, with +10D lens to check whether the patient's refractive interstitial transparency If the doctor is orthoptotic or has corrective lenses, the refractive power used to see the fundus indicates the refractive condition of the examined eye. Generally, the eye is first made to look straight ahead to examine the optic papilla, then along the retinal vessels to examine the superior and inferior temporal, superior and inferior nasal quadrants, and finally the eye is made to look to the temporal side to examine the macula. The size of the fundus lesion is expressed by the diameter of the optic papilla, and the degree of concavity of the lesion is measured by the refractive index of the lens, which is equivalent to 1mm in 3D. Some examining glasses have a green filter for better observation of the optic nerve fibers and macula.

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