Speakers, microphones, telephones, radios, Etc.
Magnets and electric motors are similar in that they both produce magnetic fields.
A magnetometer detects magnetic fields.
no ...YES!
no
Yes mine fields where used but they were magnetic mine fields.
no because they use their tongue
There are many animals that are thought to use magnetic fields in their navigation. Birds Tortoises/Turtles Dolphins Probably something they use without actually thinking about it.
This would not be a good way to go about it. Not all near Earth objects are metallic, they can be rocky or even contain volatile substances if they are cometary in origin. Even if they are made of nickel and iron, and are ferromagnetic, all a magnetic field can do is attract them, it cannot repel them. So, if you established your magnetic planetary protection device on the moon, and you had enough power to generate a sufficiently strong magnetic field, you could then attract near Earth objects to the moon rather than to the Earth. But there are simpler ways to deal with such objects.
Rotating magnetic fields.
You can detect the presence of a magnetic field using a compass, which will align itself with the field lines. Other devices such as magnetometers can also detect and measure magnetic fields accurately. Additionally, certain materials, such as iron filings, can visualize magnetic field patterns when sprinkled around the area.
A generator is tool that converts kinetic energy into electricity, through the use of magnets which is surrounded by magnetic fields. As a magnet starts turning its magnetic fields collide with a coil that surrounds the magnet. Which induces current, which is electricity.
There are theories around that some birds can actually detect magnetic fields, which they use to navigate on long migrations.