Their infantry had heavy body armour - the Persians had wicker shields. They also used superior tactics - staying in rough terrain where the superior Persian cavalry couldn't get at them.
They had a unified government to direct policy and actions of its empire, while the Greeks comprised several hundred independent city-states, many or which the Persians were able to divert through diplomacy and bribery. So the numbers were with them.
Their unified command also gave better control as opposed to the often divided Greek forces.
They had a strong cavalry arm as opposed to the Greek reliance on armoured infantry.
On the other hand, when the Greeks were able to get their act together, concentrate their forces properly and fight on ground unsuitable for cavalry, they had the superior force.
They were armored.
Tactics , terrain and armor .
The Greeks stood their ground and fought for their freedom against the Persians. Their victory caused the Greeks many lives.
The Greeks stood their ground and fought for their freedom against the Persians. Their victory caused the Greeks many lives.
The Greeks stood their ground and fought for their freedom against the Persians. Their victory caused the Greeks many lives.
. . . superior tactics and armour .
Marathon, Greece .
The Aegean Sea littoral.
What do you really want to know.
They were armoured, whereas the Persians had wicker shields.
Their infantry were armoured as opposed to wicker shields of the Persians. The Persian cavalry was superior, so the Greeks hung around the foothills where the cavalry couldn't get at them, and defeated the weaker Persian infantry bereft of proper cavalry support.
38,000.
Egyptians, Persians, Greeks, Romans.
Pan is alleged to have supported them.