What Determines whether a layer of the earth will be solid or liquid?

Answer 1

This knowledge is based on the behavior of seismic waves, particularly the behavior of P-waves and S-waves. S-waves are unable to travel through liquids, and this particular wave trait indicates a boundary between the solid mantle and the liquid outer core. The boundary between the inner core and outer core is also detected by a difference in velocities of P-waves. The Earth's magnetic field also originates in the liquid outer core by the movement and currents of molten metal in this layer. Scientific experiments have revealed that with the calculated density of the Earth, despite the incredible temperatures, the inner core should remain solid due to the massive pressures there.

As S-Waves do not propagate through the outer core a "shadow" zone is created on the other side of the earth from the source of seismic waves. In this zone no S-waves are detected.

Answer 2

Seismic echos demonstrate that the earth has a liquid core.

Answer 3

I understand that the inner core is solid, and that further out it is liquid. The evidence comes mainly from the way waves (such as those created from earthquakes) behave.

Answer 4

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Answer 5

The Heat and pressure

Answer 6

mantle