Na+
Potassium ions are the most diffusible ion in the membrane potential because of the presence of leak channels that allow potassium to move easily across the membrane. This creates a concentration gradient that drives the movement of potassium ions into and out of the cell to establish the resting membrane potential.
The Nernst potential refers to the reversal potential of the membrane potential at which there is no net flow of a particular number of ion from one side of the membrane to another.
The resistance to an ion's movement across a membrane is primarily determined by the membrane's permeability to that specific ion. Factors such as ion channel proteins, membrane potential, and concentration gradients also play a role in regulating ion movement.
The Nernst equation is used to calculate the equilibrium potential for a particular ion. It takes into account the ion concentrations inside and outside the cell, as well as the charge of the ion, to determine the membrane potential at which there is no net movement of that particular ion across the membrane.
voltage-gated ion channels
s. Hagiwara has written: 'Membrane potential-dependent ion channels in cell membrane' -- subject(s): Cell Membrane, Cell membranes, Ion channels, Ion exchange, Ion-permeable membranes, Membrane Potentials, Physiology
Equilibrium potential is referring to the equilibrium (or balance) established between the forces of diffusion and electrical forces specific to each ion. For example, the equilibrium potential for Potassium, K+, in a cell with a semi permeable membrane is -80mV or Ek+=80mV. The membrane potential, on the other hand, refers to the voltage across the membrane at anytime and takes into account a range of equilibrium potentials such as Potassium, Sodium etc.
Ion channels are not carbohydrates but are pore-forming membrane proteins. One of their functions is to include establishing a resting membrane potential.
The Diffusion Potential is the potential difference across the boundary b/w two electrolytic solutions of different compositions The Nernst Potential is the diffusion potential across a membrane that exactly opposes the net diffusion of a particular ion through the membrane
Resting membrane potential is typically around -70mV and is maintained by the activity of ion channels that allow for the passive movement of ions across the cell membrane.
Opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane produces a local change in the membrane potential, which causes electric current to flow rapidly to other points in the membrane.
The stimuli that can change the resting membrane potential of a cell include changes in ion concentrations inside or outside the cell, neurotransmitter binding to receptors, and mechanical deformation of the cell membrane. These changes can lead to the opening or closing of ion channels, altering the flow of ions across the membrane and affecting the cell's resting membrane potential.