That will depend on your own nationality. However, for any international travel it is always recommended that you bring a passport.
You need photographic ID for ANY flight!
No, as both are part of the United Kingdom.
You need some valid photographic ID, not necessarily a passport - both states are members of EU. Consult your travel company.
With any air travel photo ID is required for all passengers, if in doubt contact your flight provider
Yes, you need a passport to travel from England to anywhere outside the EU. You may need a passport, or other acceptable ID for countries in the EU.
yes you do in order to travel you must have a passport
not if you are an Irish or UK citizen. Other nationalities may be asked to produce passports/id cards
Probably photographic identity such as a passport or suitable driving licence. Requirements depend on the ferry company.
No
this question doesn't make sense as Scotland is in the UK. If you mean "do you need a passport to travel between England and Scotland" then the answer is no. Unless you are flying, in which case you will need some form of photo ID such as a passport or driving license.
Northern Ireland is part of the UK so you need no ID to travel there. In fact since the UK and Eire are in a common travel area so you need no idea to travel anywhere within the British Isles. However since the war on terror, many airlines will require you produce ID, However there were no such caveats during the troubles.
Of course. You will need a valid passport.