Proteins
Selective permeability refers to the property of the plasma membrane to allow certain substances to pass through while restricting others. This enables the cell to maintain an internal environment conducive to its function. The plasma membrane achieves selective permeability through various mechanisms such as protein channels and transporters.
promotes fluidity at high temperature
Plasma membrane proteins serve several essential functions, including acting as receptors to facilitate cell signaling by binding to specific ligands. They also function as transporters, helping to move ions and molecules across the membrane, thereby regulating the internal environment of the cell. Additionally, some plasma membrane proteins play roles in cell adhesion and communication, allowing cells to interact with each other and their extracellular matrix.
Transporters, carriers, and enzymes in the plasma membrane are primarily made up of proteins, which are macromolecules composed of amino acids. These proteins can span the membrane, facilitating the movement of ions and molecules across it, or act as enzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions. Additionally, some of these proteins may be glycosylated, meaning they have carbohydrate groups attached, which can play a role in cell recognition and signaling. Lipids, particularly phospholipids, also contribute to the structural integrity of the plasma membrane but are not directly involved in the functions of transporters and enzymes.
All bacteria have a plasma membrane, which is a semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell. The plasma membrane is essential for bacterial survival and function.
K
The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane or the cytoplasmic membrane. It is a biological membrane that separates all cells' interior from the outside, though can be permeated by selection ions and molecules. Its basic function is to protect the cell from its surroundings.
Mithocondria
Glucose molecules cross the plasma membrane on the apical side of epithelial cells through facilitated diffusion using glucose transporters such as GLUT1 and GLUT2. These transporter proteins help the glucose molecules move down their concentration gradient into the cell.
They are called integral proteins
Integral membrane proteins, such as ion channels and transporters, span the plasma membrane and play a crucial role in creating a selectively permeable barrier. These proteins regulate the passage of specific ions and molecules across the membrane, allowing for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis.
The plasma cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain molecules to enter and exit the cell while blocking others based on size, charge, and solubility. This regulation helps maintain the cell's internal environment and protects it from harmful substances.