Incomplete Dominance
I'm sure there are.
A carrier typically has one normal allele (wild type) and one mutated allele for a particular gene. Carriers do not display the symptoms of the genetic disorder associated with the mutated allele, but they can pass it on to their offspring.
100% of the offspring will display the dominant trait because the homozygous dominant parent can only pass on the dominant allele. The offspring will inherit one dominant allele from the dominant parent and one recessive allele from the recessive parent, resulting in a heterozygous genotype expressing the dominant trait.
When an individual has two copies of a dominant allele, they will display the dominant trait associated with that allele. Dominant alleles mask the expression of recessive alleles in a gene pair.
The type of inheritance that involves one dominant allele and one recessive allele is called simple Mendelian inheritance or complete dominance. In this pattern, the phenotype of the organism will display the trait associated with the dominant allele, while the recessive allele's effects are masked when both alleles are present. An example of this is the inheritance of flower color in pea plants, where purple (dominant) flowers mask the expression of white (recessive) flowers.
In pea plants, the presence of an allele for purple flowers is dominant over the allele for white flowers. This means that if a plant has at least one allele for purple flowers, it will exhibit purple flowers, masking the effect of the recessive white flower allele. As a result, only plants with two recessive alleles will display white flowers. This illustrates the principles of Mendelian inheritance and dominance.
The type of trait that can be masked is known as a recessive trait. In genetics, recessive traits require two copies of the recessive allele (one from each parent) to be expressed phenotypically, while a dominant allele can overshadow or mask the expression of the recessive allele. As a result, individuals with one dominant and one recessive allele will display the dominant trait, concealing the presence of the recessive trait.
The parent plants must both be homozygous for the recessive allele of the trait (aa). This ensures that all offspring will inherit two copies of the recessive allele and display the recessive phenotype.
A recessive gene will not display its trait in the presence of a dominant trait. A recessive gene only expresses its trait when paired with another copy of the same recessive gene.
Having two copies of the same allele for a trait is termed homozygous, while having two different alleles for a trait is heterozygous. Homozygous individuals will display the trait determined by that allele, while heterozygous individuals may express either allele's trait, depending on dominance relationships.
When two heterozygous organisms are mated, approximately 75% of these organisms should display the trait if it is dominant. 25% would display the recessive gene. If these numbers are very far off, chances are the gene you were testing was not a dominant trait.
An allele that is masked by the dominant allele is called a recessive allele. When an individual has one dominant allele and one recessive allele, only the trait determined by the dominant allele will be expressed. The recessive allele will only be expressed if an individual has two copies of it (homozygous recessive).