A Jewish house of prayer is called a synagogue.
A Jewish house of Torah-study is called a beit midrash or a Yeshiva.
A home where Jews live is simply called "a Jewish house."
Israel
Jerusalem
Rabbis and cantors
Of course not.
The is no such thing as a "judaism".
Judaism does not have a centralized leadership.
Belief in God and in the Torah.
Jews worship in synagogues.
No, Jews worship in synagogues.
The lord God or Yahweh is the diety in Judaism.
Judaism's primary language is Hebrew
Only One God.