mercator projection are mostly used by navigator because all meridians appears as astraiht line
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there is distortion at the north and south poles. The land sizes of the continents closest to the equator are smaller than they really are. But Mercator maps are very useful for sailors or pilots for finding direction.
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Mapping of Earth on a flat surface. ;)
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Google Maps is based on a close variant of the Mercator projection. Google Maps uses the spherical Mercator, but the coordinates on Google Maps are the GPS coordinates based on the WGS 84 datum. Also, because Mercator projects the poles at infinity, Google Maps cannot show the poles so instead it cuts off coverage at 85.051125° north and south.