Stockers.
Yes, some lactating mothers will feed abandoned calves.
I helped grandma feed the calves.
Cows are not put into wheat pastures. They are fed at the diary with grains and other things.
Yes
Milk, and a feed called Calf Starter (or some similar name), which is a formulated feed meant for feeding growing bottle calves.
Bull calves.
Not really, no. Calves should be eating plant-type feed, not insects or insect larvae.
The reason cattle produce milk in the first place is to feed calves, not to feed people. Frisian cows in the wild--if such they be--"get rid of" their milk by letting calves suckle it.
Plenty of green grass and or hay and a 12%-14% creep feed. The calves need lasalocid for good rumen development.
That's not the bull's responsibility, nor his job. His job is to get those calve's mothers bred to have calves again, not to feed the calves. The cows themselves are the ones responsible for feeding their calves via milk from their udders and teaching them what's good to eat and what isn't.
No, they are called "Calves", like moo-cow calves.
Milk, just like any other mammal.