there excess carriers can dominate the conduction process in semiconductor material.
N-type semiconductors are a type of extrinsic semiconductor where the dopant atoms (donors) are capable of providing extra conduction electrons to the host material (e.g. phosphorusin silicon). This creates an excess of negative (n-type) electron charge carriers.
FOR n-type semiconductor the majority charge carrier is electron and for n-type semiconductor it is hole. the majority and minority charge carrier is result of free electron and hole. the majority charge carrier is responsible for transport of electron.
Type 1 Semiconductors: The bandgap of one semiconductor is completely contained in the bandgap of the other one. In double heterostructure design carriers will be confined in the smaller bandgap material. this structure is used to form barrier/quantum well in Multi quantum well lasers and LEds Type II: like Type I The bandgap of the two materials overlap but the changes in the conduction and valence bands change sign. this type of materials do not use for light emiiting application as carriers can not be confined.
There are two recognized types of charge carriers insemiconductors. One iselectrons, which carry a negativeelectric charge. In addition, it is convenient to treat the traveling vacancies in thevalence bandelectron population (holes) as the second type of charge carrier, which carry a positive charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron
In order to fabricate the p type and n type semiconductors..... we are doing the doping process.
Assuming you do not mean the plastic bags at the supermarket checkout that cost nothing, then you may be referring to free charge carriers in electical conductors and semiconductors, which are electrons in metallic conductors and electrons or "holes" in semiconductors. Now what was the question?
N-type semiconductors are a type of extrinsic semiconductor where the dopant atoms (donors) are capable of providing extra conduction electrons to the host material (e.g. phosphorusin silicon). This creates an excess of negative (n-type) electron charge carriers.
The P-type semiconductors have a very large percentage of holes.
A p-type semiconductor has an excess of positively charged "holes" in its crystal lattice due to doping with acceptor atoms, while an n-type semiconductor has an excess of negatively charged electrons due to doping with donor atoms. This fundamental difference in charge carriers leads to variations in conductivity and behavior of the two types of semiconductors.
Compound semiconductors have very low lifetime of charge carriers and hence they are not used for making Transistors and ICs.Rather it is used for making LEDs and LASER diodes.So the compound semiconductors are called photo-diodes. -M.R
Semiconductors can either be intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic semiconductors are elements that are in their pure form. These will usually have positive and negative sides because the electrons migrate towards one direction. On the other hand, extrinsic semiconductors are when the conductivity (or ability to make an electric charge with the electrons) are controlled by adding other atoms. These atoms that are added are called dopants. Dopants donate or receive electrons from the semiconductor to make impure.
Free electrons and holes are the charge carriers-not only in intrinsic semiconductors(these are the purest form of semiconductors-typically as pure as can be made available with the present technology) but also in extrinsic semiconductors(doped semiconductors).In intrinsic semiconductors,electron-hole pairs are created due to the natural processes like-absorption of heat energy from the surroundingsabsorption of energy from photons.this absorbed energy results in breakdown ofcovalant bonds in intrinsic semiconductors as a result of which electron-hole pairs are created.It is this electron hole pair which is responsible for carrying the current through the intrinsic semiconductor when a potential difference is applied across it.In extrinsic semiconductor the case is slightly different-here, we have-majority charge carriers and minority charge carriers.in an n-type semiconductor-majority charge carriers are the electrons contributed by the pentavalent impurities while the minority charge carriers are the holes which are generated as electron-hole pairs due to natural processes discussed above.in p-type semiconductor-majority charge carriers are the holes contributed by trivalent impuritieswhereas the minority charge carriers are the electronswhich are generated as electron-hole pairs due to natural processes discussed above.these are the majority charge carriers which contribute heavily in the flow of current through the extrinsic semiconductors than the minority charge carriers.I suggest you to please go through mass action law and law of electrical neutrality of semiconductors for better understanding.
Phosphorus-doped semiconductors are n-type, meaning they have excess electrons, while gallium-doped semiconductors are p-type, meaning they have excess holes. This difference in conductivity types affects how the semiconductors interact with electricity and other components in electronic devices.
Degenerate semiconductors have a high concentration of charge carriers due to doping, while non-degenerate semiconductors have a low concentration. Degenerate semiconductors exhibit metallic-like conductivity and Fermi level is inside the conduction or valence band, while non-degenerate semiconductors have a well-defined band gap and behave as insulators at low temperatures.
Yes, a slab of n-type material can carry a net negative charge due to the excess of electrons in the material. These excess electrons are the majority carriers in n-type semiconductors, leading to an overall negative charge on the material.
mu is the mobility(electrons or holes ) of the current carriers in the semiconductors. mu-e being electron mobility and mu-a being the hole mobility.
Application of semiconductors