these are called alkanes.
Hydrocarbons containing chlorine atoms are called chlorinated hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons containing fluorine atoms are called fluorinated hydrocarbons. eg> CHCl3, CHF3 etc
Saturated hydrocarbons
Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms.
A type of hydrocarbon that contains carbon atoms connected only by a single bond is called saturated hydrocarbon. It is the simplest form of the hydrocarbon species.
Hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms are called alkanes. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that consist of only carbon-carbon single bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds. They form the simplest type of hydrocarbons and have the general formula CnH2n+2.
These hydrocarbons are ethane, propane, butane.
Alkanes have carbon atoms bonded by single bonds, and follow the formula CnH2n+2. Alkenes on the other hand always have one double bond somewhere between a pair of carbon atoms, explaining why they follw the general formula CnH2n.
Hydrocarbons
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that have double or triple bonds between adjacent carbon atoms. Double bonded hydrocarbons are called alkenes & triple bonded hydrocarbons are called alkynes. Since the compound is a pentene, it is an alkene so it would have a double bond between the 1st & 2nd carbon atoms. Therefore it is unsaturated.
With no double or triple bonds, they are called "saturated".
Alkanes are always saturated hydrocarbons. They contain only single bonds between carbon atoms, making them fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.
Carbon and Hydrogen Atoms