An executive agency is a part of the government that carries out programs and operations not performed by the legislature or judiciary. In the US, these agencies of the executive branch are under the authority of the President, and almost all are part of a cabinet department.
Independent executive agencies are agencies under the executive branch that lie outside the jurisdiction of the cabinet departments. The independent executive agencies, in the federal system, are those agencies set up by the President of the United States. In the state systems, they are those set up by the Governors of the states. In both the state and federal systems, these agencies often have more power than agencies set up by statute.
There are many different executive agencies. You will have to be more specific on which agencies you are talking about.
a congressional agency
The directive is called an executive order.
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Most governments have an Executive agency, a Health agency, an Education agency, and a Military agency; various governments have many other agencies depending on the type of government.
executive branch
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an executive agency.
In my experience the term 'executive agency' is for certain bureaus in the British government. Since NASA is a part of the US government it would not be an executive agency under this definition. If you mean, is it an agency falling under the US Executive Branch (under the President) then yes, it falls under the President.
Independent executive agency
executive
executive
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Trans-European Transport Network Executive Agency was created in 2006.
no
Which "independent" executive agencies are you referring to? Name examples please.
a congressional agency
No, OSHA is not an independent executive agency. It is part of the Department of Labor.