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Labels are used to label the statements that follow for use with goto statements. Labels are user-defined names that follow standard naming conventions, starting in column 1 and ending with a colon (:). They are usually placed on a line of their own but must appear in the same function that contains the goto. Note that a label that has no statements following (the label is the last statement in the function), it must include a semi-colon (;) after the colon (an empty statement).
Although many programmers frown upon the use of goto, it is really no different to using return, break or continue to interrupt the normal program flow within a function. However, it's fair to say goto statements are often used quite inappropriately, producing "spaghetti code" that is really quite difficult to follow.
In many cases there will be a better alternative to using a goto, however the following example illustrates a correct usage for goto, breaking out of nested compound statements. The functions UseBreak() and UseGoto() both produce exactly the same results, but the goto version is easier to follow as the conditional expression only needs to be evaluated once. Evaluating one goto rather than two breaks is also more efficient.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void UseBreak()
{
cout<<"UseBreak() executing..."<<endl;
int i, j;
for(i=0;i<10;++i)
{
cout<<"Outer loop executing. i="<<i<<endl;
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{
cout<<"\tInner loop executing. j="<<j<<endl;
if(i==3)
break; // break out of inner loop.
}
if(i==3)
break; // break out of outer loop.
cout<<"\tInner loop finished."<<endl;
}
cout<<"Outer loop finished."<<endl<<endl;
}
void UseGoto()
{
cout<<"UseGoto() executing..."<<endl;
int i, j;
for(i=0;i<10;++i)
{
cout<<"Outer loop executing. i="<<i<<endl;
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{
cout<<"\tInner loop executing. j="<<j<<endl;
if(i==3)
goto stop; // jump out of both loops.
}
cout<<"\tInner loop finished."<<endl;
}
stop:
cout<<"Outer loop finished."<<endl<<endl;
}
int main()
{
UseBreak();
UseGoto();
return(0);
}
Output:
UseBreak() executing...
Outer loop executing. i=0
Inner loop executing. j=0
Inner loop executing. j=1
Inner loop finished.
Outer loop executing. i=1
Inner loop executing. j=0
Inner loop executing. j=1
Inner loop finished.
Outer loop executing. i=2
Inner loop executing. j=0
Inner loop executing. j=1
Inner loop finished.
Outer loop executing. i=3
Inner loop executing. j=0
Outer loop finished.
UseGoto() executing...
Outer loop executing. i=0
Inner loop executing. j=0
Inner loop executing. j=1
Inner loop finished.
Outer loop executing. i=1
Inner loop executing. j=0
Inner loop executing. j=1
Inner loop finished.
Outer loop executing. i=2
Inner loop executing. j=0
Inner loop executing. j=1
Inner loop finished.
Outer loop executing. i=3
Inner loop executing. j=0
Outer loop finished.
What else can I help you with?
What do the initials CBF and CPP stand for?
CPP
When was CPP Group created?
CPP Group was created in 1980.
When was CPP Studios Event GmbH created?
CPP Studios Event GmbH was created in 1983.
CPP Program for Implementing Knuth-morris-pratt pattern matching algorithm?
what is the pure algorithm instead of cpp program?
What is CPP Studios Event GmbH's population?
The population of CPP Studios Event GmbH is 30.
When did CPP start?
I believe it was in 1967
How the c and cpp extension files can be retrived using FIND command in Linux?
find . -iname '*.c' -o -iname '*.cpp'
What is the history of cpp-npa-ndf?
Later then we know that ninoy aquino has been a big part in the creation of cpp/npa/ndf.
Is a military pension clawed back at 65 if you take cpp at age 60?
The Military Pension is clawed back at 65 whether or not you take CPP at any age or in fact even if you decide not to apply for CPP. It has to do with the amount of Military Pension contributions at the time when CPP was first brought about. In the wisdom of the political masters, it was felt that members could not afford to pay more pension per month on top of the CPP contributions. So expect to lose 25 to 30% of your current Military Pension at 65.
Can you receive cpp benefits before age 60?
Canada Pension Plan (CPP). No not unless you are disabled. Click on the below Related Link
What age can you start collecting CPP?
You can start collecting Canada Pension Plan (CPP) benefits as early as age 60. However, if you choose to take your CPP early, your monthly payments will be reduced. The standard age for receiving full CPP benefits is 65, and you can also choose to delay your benefits until age 70, which will increase your monthly payments.
Can you collect cpp and ei benefits together in Canada?
It is possible to collect both CPP and EI consecutively; however, there may be a small chance where the CPP amount can be subtracted from EI benefits. Eligibility requirements must be met in order to receive both.
