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Operons are clusters of genes that consisting of one operator and promoter. There are two kinds of operons they are: Lac operon and try operons. The lac operon consist of clusters of 3 genes which are responsible for metabolism of glucose. When there is lactose in the environment the lac operons is transcript. The lactose binds to the repressor that was binding to the operator inhibiting the poly RNA to transcript the gene, but when lactose binds it causes the conformation to change and resulting in falling of the operator. When the repressor falls off the poly RNA can transcript the gene. When lactose is not present the repressor is activated and binds to the operator inhibiting poly RNA from transcribing the gene.
The try operons consist of 5 genes under the control of one operator and promoter for synthesising trytopahan. When tryptophan is not present in the environment the gene is transcripted. When there no tryptophan the repressor is inactive and falls of the operator thus letting poly RNA transcriping the gene. When tryptophan is present there is no need in making the trypophan. The trypophan binds to the repressor activating and letting it bind to the operator and inhibiting the poly RNA from transcribing the gene.
