People from Madrid are madrilenos, with a tilde (looks like a squiggly line) over the n. That is, madrileños (or madrileñas, if they're female.)
He lives in Madrid, in a neighbourhood called La Moraleja.
A person who lives nearby is called a neighbor.
A person who lives in a specific place is called a resident or inhabitant of that place.
A person who lives in a particular place is called a resident.
A native of Switzerland is called a Swiss.
cave person
In 2010 Ronaldo lives in Madrid.
Irish.
Rome is called Rome in English and Roma in Italian. Madrid is called Madrid both in English and in Spanish.
A person who lives in Damascus is called a Damascene.
The years a person lives are typically referred to as their lifespan.
He lives in Madrid.