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Mars
It was Mercury.
Correlation...
Visual evedence from telescopes. See related link for a pictorial
The most popular theory of how a solar system is formed says that a giant cloud of molecular dust collapsed, forming one or more stars. Then a cloud of gas forms around the new star. As a result of gravity and other forces, the dust and other particles in this cloud collide and stick together forming larger masses. While some of these objects break apart on impact, a number of them continue to grow. Once they reach a certain size -- around a kilometer -- these objects are large enough to attract particles and other small objects with their gravity. They continue to get larger until they form protoplanets. Some protoplanets continue colliding and growing until they form planets while others stay that size.
Mars
It was Mercury.
From debris following a collision of two planet sized protoplanets - one of which was early Earth.
There is no way of knowing as in might of fallen in the dinosaur age and it was not recorded
They are not related by blood; they marry one another.
it is related beacause it is one business function to another. They are all related one way or another because there are all in one orgnisation. Simples
The Planetissimal Theory agrees with the Solar Disruption Theory. Because of the near collision of the Sun and another star, the Sun blew out some hot materials. These hot materials became parts of the star passing near the Sun. The Sun continued to blow large and small particles which became the planets, meteorites and other heavenly bodies. ---- Source: The World: History and Civilization
A set of related scenes that follow one another could be called a sequence of scenes.
Frequency and amplitude are not related. Frequency and wavelength are related. The are the inverse of one another.
They are chronological
There is nothing on the list you provided that resembles them in any way.
All living lifeforms are related one way or another.