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A red giant star is simply a regular white star that is older, and has run out of hydrogen to fuse in its core. Hydrogen fusion then occurs in the outer shell of the star, causing the star to expand, turning it into a red giant.

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13y ago
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12y ago

Because they have a much larger surface area.

Edit: That is incorrect. The matter in the star is more spread out and diffuse, because the energy from the fusion is winning out over gravity. Gravity also affects light and gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the center of the body. Light emitted from the corona, which is more distant from the center of the star than it used to be, can more easily leave the star and eventually be seen by us. More photons reach us, hence more light. That's why black holes are dark. The singularity is smaller than an atom and with the gravity so localized all light is pulled back in.

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11y ago

Red giants reach much higher temperatures than the Sun, but that's in their

interiors. I agree the surface temperature of the Sun is higher than that of a red giant star. However the red giants have a much bigger surface area than the Sun and that is the reason they give out much more light.

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Q: Why are red giants bright even though they're cool?
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