Gases are more soluble at low temperatures.
All solutes (e.g. Alka-Seltzer) dissolve better in a warmer solvent (e.g. water).
No, water does not dissolve into all solutes. Some solutes, such as nonpolar molecules like oil, do not dissolve in water because they are not attracted to the polar water molecules.
Generally, polar solutes such as sugar and salt dissolve better in cold water compared to non-polar solutes like oil. However, the solubility of a solute can vary based on its molecular structure and the specific conditions of the solution.
The effect of solutes on solution is that they make the solution reach saturation point when added in excess. The soluble solutes dissolve in the solution whereas the insoluble solutes do not dissolve in the solution.
The principle of "like dissolves like" states that substances with similar polarity and intermolecular forces are more likely to dissolve in each other. For example, polar solutes dissolve better in polar solvents, while nonpolar solutes dissolve better in nonpolar solvents. This is because molecules with similar interactions can more easily mix at a molecular level, increasing solubility.
They are called solutes
Most solutes dissolve better in warm water because the molecules of warm water move faster, so the water molecules and the solute come in contact more often. For solid solutes, it is generally true that you can dissolve more in warm water than cold water (though I'm not sure the above answer states the reason for this correctly). But gasses generally dissolve better in cold water.
stir it in a solvent
Generally polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and vice versa.
Yes, oil based paints and nail polish are considered nonpolar solutes because they do not dissolve readily in water, which is a polar solvent. Polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents, while nonpolar solutes dissolve in nonpolar solvents.
They are called solutes.
Mixing and temperature elevation