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Functional Consequences of Age-Related Changes Affecting Respiratory Function

  • Upper airway changes: calcification of cartilage, altered neuromuscular function and reflexes.
Consequence: snoring, mouth breathing, diminished cough reflex, decreased efficiency of gag reflex.

  • Increased anteroposterior diameter, chest wall stiffness, weakened muscles and diaphragm.
Consequence: Increased use of accessory muscles, increased energy expended for respiratory efficiency.

  • Enlargement of the alveoli, thinning of alveolar walls, diminished number of capillaries.
Consequence: Diminished efficiency of gas exchange, decreased arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2).

  • Decreased elastic recoil and early airway closure.

Consequence: Changes in lung volumes, slight decrease in overall efficiency.

  • Tidal volume unchanged or slightly diminished, increased residual volume, decreased vital capacity.
Consequence: Total lung capacity unchanged.
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14y ago
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11y ago

The lungs and respiratory passageways of a person who has breathed only clean air are pinker and can exchange gases much more efficiently as the years pass than can the respiratory system of a person who has breathed polluted air and smoked for many years. Other factors such as exposure to foul air can lead to the development of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and/or lung cancer. Long-term exposure to particulates in the workplace can also raise the risk of developing these conditions.

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12y ago

An increase in vital capacity...:)

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12y ago

it can change difrent things

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12y ago

the development of their lungs.

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Q: What are the the three things that occur in the respiratory system as a person ages?
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