Gravity, air resistance, force produced by the spinning of the ball.
Some forcess that affect the path of the ball is gravity which pushes the ball down to earth and wind could effect the path by blowing the ball a certain direction.
Some examples of balanced forces in basketball are a player dribbling the ball with constant speed, a player holding their position when guarding an opponent, and a player shooting a free throw without any external forces acting on the ball. These situations demonstrate equilibrium between the forces applied by the player and the opposing forces.
When the wind is circling the ball and creating a balanced force
Kinetic energy, momentum, gravity.
Some examples of conservative forces include gravitational force, electromagnetic force, and elastic force. These forces depend only on the positions of the objects and not on the paths taken between them. This means that the work done by a conservative force on an object moving between two points is independent of the path taken.
Air resistance, gravity, friction with the ground, and the impact force from a collision with another object are all forces that can affect the motion of a ball.
A footballer kicking a ball. A woman pushing the door open
Some examples of forces that can act on objects to move them in a circular path are centripetal force, tension in a rope, gravitational force, and friction. These forces are necessary to keep an object moving in a curved path rather than a straight line.
All forces produce an effect of some sort. If a force appears to have no effect, then it has been missed in observation. For example when you press your finger down onto a solid table, you might say it had no effect on the table but it would have had an observable effect on your finger, flattening the part of your finger in contact with the table.
Examples of direct contact forces include pushing a chair, kicking a ball, and lifting a book. These actions involve physical contact between objects applying force on each other.
Setting aside the physiological issues, force is applied to a baseball to accelerate it. The ball rotates in flight according to any "spin" (which is torque) applied to it as it is released. It's shape (particularly the seams) and the spin combine in its flight to apply forces that deflect it from a straight line path. Certainly gravity is pulling the ball down from the moment it is released. The analysis of fluid mechanics as it applies to the ball can become complex. Any breeze will also play a part. The batter applies a moving mass (the bat) to the ball to strike it (if he can), and accelerate it from the point of impact. We'll again see gravity clinging onto the ball as it leaves the bat, and we'll see more complex motion of the ball due to the way it moves through the air. Some spin may still be present on it after it leaves the bat, either because of the original forces that set in motion, or some spin applied by virtue of the ball impacting the bat off center, or a combination of the two.
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