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Q: What are spectral lines in a spectrum?
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Does the velocity of a star toward or away from earth determine measuring the shift of its spectral lines?

Yes. If the star is moving away from the Earth, its spectral lines will shift towards the red end of the spectrum. If it is moving towards the Earth, its spectral lines will shift towards the violet end of the spectrum. This is due to Doppler effect.


What are dark lines in a stellar spectrum called?

The dark lines are absorption spectrum, the energy absorbed by Atoms in the atmosphere of the star. ================================ Fraunhofer's spectral lines.


How does the spectrum of a molecule differ from spectrum of a atom?

A molecule has additional spectral lines due to changes in its rotational and vibrational energies.


The set of spectral lines that we see in star's spectrum depends on the stars?

Chemical composition ;-)


Which stellar spectral type has the largest number of prominent absorption lines in an optical spectrum?

M


The spectrum of a star is called a what?

... a photonic 'fingerprint'. The picture of a star's spectral lines is its photo-spectrograph.


Does Every element and compound in nature have a unique set of spectral lines?

Elements have several spectral lines and although some lines may be the same between different elements most lines are not and the whole spectrum for each element is indeed unique.


Why does sodium burn yellow?

Because the most important spectral lines of sodium are in the yellow region of the spectrum.


The spectral lines of elements when observed in distant galaxies show a shift towards?

The red end of the spectrum.


What evidence do you have the sun contains the element iron?

The spectral lines. Each element has a characteristic "fingerprint" in a spectrum.


What evidence do you have that the sun contains the element iron?

The spectral lines. Each element has a characteristic "fingerprint" in a spectrum.


The more spectral lines of a star are shifted to the red end of the spectrum the?

... faster it moves away from us.