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The two classifications are based on value. Rare (or precious) gems are very valuable while common (or semi-precious) gemstones are not.

Precious Gems:

Diamond, Sapphire/Ruby, Emerald, Pearl, Alexandrite

Semi-Precious Gems:

Aquamarine, Tourmaline, Beryl, Garnet, Amber, Onyx, Moonstone, Peridot, Spinel, Zircon, Carnelian, Turquoise, Topaz, Agate, Lapis Lazuli, Jade, Chrysoberyl, Tanzanite, Emery, Opal and Amethyst

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15y ago

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