Mucilage, saponins, silica , coumarins, flavonoids (including glycoside rutin), triterpenoids, and carboxylic acids. The herb is rich in minerals, including copper and iron, and vitamins A, B, and C.
Amargogentin.
Honokiol.
Citral.
Diuretic and anti-inflammatory.
Flavanoids, quercetin.
Crocetin and crocin.
Anthraquinone glycosides.
Flavones, baicalein.
Diosgenin.
Ruscogenin and neuorscogenin.
Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol.
Caffeic acid glycoside.