Less complexity and cost compared to liquid fuel and it's complex, expensive engines
The two main types of rocket engines are Solid fuel rocket engines and Liquid fuel rocket engines.
AMMONIA
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Liquid hydrogen is a common fuel used in rocket engines.
There are two main types of rocket engines: Solid fuel and liquid fuel. Liquid fuel rocket engines are usually considered significantly better than solid propulsion units, however, they are also significantly more expensive.
Answer The Space Shuttle is a rocket. By definition, a Rocket is a vehicle that burns gas that it carries with it. Where as, a jet airplane burns the oxygen from the air and is not a rocket. The Rocket when it is launched has a liquid fuel rocket engines at the back end of it. It also has two long, solid fuel rocket engines that separate after launch. But the space shuttle is pulled by a rocket.
A rocket's fuel is typically located in large tanks situated within the rocket's body. The fuel is stored separately from the rocket's engines and is used as propellant for thrust during launch and flight.
A single stage rocket consists of only a single set of rocket engines and fuel containers. This assembly is used for the entire journey. A multistage rocket consists of several sets of engines and fuel containers that are used in succession. When the fuel of one stage is spent it detaches from the rocket to get rid of the weight and the next set of engines is ignited. Multistage rockets are far more efficient at getting things into space.
As regards the main engines on the rocket, there is an ignitor associated with each rocket motor. An internal "blowtorch" of fuel and oxidizer in each engine is ignited with spark plugs.
Liquid rocket engines would act much like a car engine. More fuel, more thrust. Solid rocket engines are either on or off. No throttle control.
There are various types/combinations of rocket fuels. The most popular one is Hydrogen which was used by the Space Shuttle. But there are some hydrocarbon fuels as well that are used in rocket engines (for example RP-1 used by the Soyuz rocket). By asking specifically about rocket fuel I assume that you make the distinction between fuel and oxidizer (because a rocket engine generally uses both fuel and oxidizer in contrast with gas turbine engines who takes its oxidizer from atmospheric air). All in all, the answer is not as straight forward as you might expect: certain rocket fuels (see RP-1 like fuels) are very similar to jet fuel so they can be used as fuels in gas turbine engines. Other fuels like hydrogen or hydrazine can't be used in current gas turbine engines. But it is not impossible to have in the future gas turbine engines that uses hydrogen or some other fuels used in rocket engines.
It depends. Some rocket engines have a single stage, some have 3 or more. Staging allows for the overall weight of the vehicle to be reduced by dropping off parts of the rocket and continuing on with smaller rocket engines and less fuel.