Ultimately PHP is a programming language and MySQL is a database language. Using PHP with MySQL is a nice combination with built-in support and the simplicity of it all. However, there aren't a lot of disadvantages of using PHP with a database, it just allows for better data organization and whatnot.
There are definitely advantages and disadvantages to using a database other than MySQL (such as MongoDB or PostgreSQL).
mysql client library
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One can find more information about the php mysql tutorial on Tutorials Point, Tizag, and W3 Schools. More information about the php mysql tutorial can be found at Site Ground.
Any of the millions of web developers using PHP and MySQL around the world. Either that or teach yourself!
Yes.
By sending messages to the MySQL server, you can communicate with the database. To submit SQL queries to the database, you use PHP functions. You don't need to know how to communicate with MySQL because PHP takes care of that. You only need to be familiar with SQL queries and PHP functions. To learn more about data science please visit- Learnbay.co
I have no experience in software development, so I turn to specialists
You don't. PHP does not required MySQL to function. But because PHP is one of the easiest language with more built-in functions than you would ever need, and MySQL is free and easy to manage; people often use them together :)
WAMP is an abbreviation of "Windows, Apache, MySQL, and PHP", so it uses MySQL database server.
The best server yet for php serving is Apache, as PHP and Apache work closely together. The MySQL community database is a good server for PHP applications, this is why we talk about w/xamp servers, Windows/Linux Apache MySQL PHP servers.
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facebook definatly runs on php (as you can tell by going to www.facebook.com/home.php). Also when you apply for a job to the company mysql knowledge is a must. However as for the platform it runs on that is difficult to say for sure, however i would imagine them to be using a classical LAMP setup (Linux Apache MySQL and PHP) as is very common with php/mySQL sites.