The most common diseases to affect the colon:
There is no patron saint against colon disease.
The transverse colon is a body part, not a disease.
A friable colon is one that is easily upset or irritated. It can become swollen and could lead to colon disease.
Colon Cancer
Colon cancer
Crohn's disease.
I think you mean colon cancer, but there isn't really a scientific name for it colon cancer is short for colorectal cancer.
Colonopathy
colon cancer
There is more than one. Colon Cancer, Celiac Disease, Gastrirtis, Crohn's Disease are a few.
Ulcerative colitis
The medical term for the surgical removal of half of the colon is "hemicolectomy." It is a procedure that involves removing a portion of the colon to treat conditions such as colon cancer or inflammatory bowel disease.