Everything - it wouldn't conduct at all otherwise. Some materials conduct better than others, like the conducting wires.
The conductors between the service equipment and the final branch circuit include service conductors, feeder conductors, and branch circuit conductors. Service conductors connect the utility service to the service equipment. Feeder conductors distribute power from the service equipment to the panelboard or distribution board. Branch circuit conductors then carry power from the panelboard to individual outlets, fixtures, and appliances.
A loop of electrical conductors is called a circuit. It provides a path for electric current to flow.
Conductors are what the electrons flow through, in a single electric current called a circuit. Hence circuit breakers on conductors.
Circuits require conductors to allow the flow of electric current. Conductors are materials that can easily carry electric charge, such as copper wires. When a circuit is connected with conductors, the electric current can move through the circuit, creating the flow of electricity needed to power devices. Conductors help complete the circuit and provide a path for the electrons to travel from the power source to the load.
Conductors in a circuit are materials that allow the flow of electricity. Common examples include copper, aluminum, and gold. They have low resistance and are used to connect components together to complete a circuit.
Could you build a working electric circuit using glass rods as the conductors? Why or why not?
A fuse can protect the conductors in both a series and parallel circuit.
Short Circuit
I think you mean spacing between line conductors, rather than phase conductors. If there is a greater spacing between line conductors in one circuit, compared with anothercircuit, then the two circuits are operating at different voltages.
That path might be called a circuit. If the path is complete, it's a closed circuit.
That is called a short circuit.
Without conductors, electrons do not flow where you want them to flow. An electrical circuit is a flow of electrons.